Carbureter.



P. DANIEL. A GARBURBTEB.

- APPLIoATIon FILED un. 12, 1910. 974,033.

Patented oct.25,191o.

annu-saam 1.

P. DANIEL.

CARBURETER.

n vAPPLIQATION FILED APB. 12, 1910;

974,033.` Patented oet. 2 5, 1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WIT ,158858:

nvr/Ewan' UNTED sTAgas PATENT o1a1uc n. -A

riilinnmr., or PERTH AMBOY, NEW JERSEY, AssmNoR To ADAM c. KING, oF NEW YORK, N. Y.

CARBURETER.

` Be .it known that vI, PAUL DANIEL, a citidem of Perth Ambo yao ing drawings, formin in the county of Middlesex land State o New Jersey, have invented a new and. Improved Carbureter, of which the followingy is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to certain improvements in carbureters and more particularly to a t pe of carbureter designed for use in couuecion with two-cycle internal com-bustion engines for charging the air with the `liquid fuel after the air has been compressed and while being delivered from the com- Bression chamber to the explosion chamber. y charging the air after t e latter has left I avoid any possilosi'on within said compression chamue to back tire or to any other the compression chamber, ble ex ber,

cause.

One object of my invention is to providel for the escape of gas from the carburetor in case of back fire, so that the pressure of the exploded charge will not` be communicated to the compression chamber.

A further object of my invention is to provide an improved. means for controlling the Size of the air passage through the carbureter, and thus to control the lexplosion charge.

A still further object of my invention is to provide for the heating of the air before its delivery to the spray nozzle, so as to facilitate the vaporization ofthe fuel and the 'forming of--the mixture.

' Other objects of my invention and imottant features of construction will be set orth more fully hereinafter and particularly ointed out in the claims..

Re erence is to be had to the accompanya part of t-his specification, in which similar characters of r'eference indicate correspondng parts in all the figures, and in vvhi`ch` Figure 1 is a vertical section through a cn-rbureter constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sec- -tion taken` in a pla-ne at right angles to the plane of Fig. 1, a port-ion of the operating parts within the mixing chamber4 being removed; and Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through an engine having my improved carbureter embodied therein.

My invention'doe's not reside in any spe- Speclflcation of Letters Patent. Application med April 12, 1910. Serial No. 554,968.

Patented Oct. 25, 1910.

as an explosion chamber and supportedupon a crank case 11, adapted to serve as a compression chamber. Air 1s drawn into lthe crank case from the atmosphere, past a spring-pressed valve 12, by the action of a p)1ston `13 during the up stroke'of the latter. nrin the down stroke, the air which is free rom 'any liquid fuel, is delivered through an outlet conduit 14 to 'my' improved carbureter 15, and thence through a conduit 16 to t-he inlet valve 17 at the outer end of the engine cylinder. The exhaust port 18 of the engine is uncovered by the piston when the latter is adjacent the end of its down stroke, so that the exhaust gas may escape andthe explosive mixture enter at the upperv end Vof the cylinder and force the remainder ofthe exhaust gas down- Wardly and out at the exhaust port. It will be noted that there is no explosive mixture in the crank case at any time. and, therefore, there is no danger o'f an explosion in the crank case. Thus, the crank case may be formed of very light material and of only sufficient strength to stand the compression to which the air is normally subjected.

My improved carhureter illustratedril'i detail in'Figs.' 1 and 2, is formed of three main sections arranged in alinement with each other. In the specific form illustrated, these three sections are formed of three separate castings 19, 2() and 21. The lowermost section 19 is the air-heating and liquid 4fuel-delivering section, and also carries the emergency air outlet. The intermediate section contains the mixing chamber, and the regulating means, While the upper section carries thethrottlc valve. The sections'are provided with suitable flanges, to facilitate sections when secured together provide aj continuous passage from the lower end o'i'rr the lower section to the upper end of the upper section 21. The lower section is pro? vided with a base Piange 22 adapted to be bolted to the corresponding -flange on the conduit '14, and the upper section ls-pro" vided with a terminal flange 23 adapted `to be bolted to the delivery conduit 16. The

10ol` the bolting together of the parts, and the I lso rtion of which -is norma suitable source.

lower section 19 has two substantially hemispherical concentric walls 24 and 2,5, spaced apart to leave` a.chan1ber 26 thefjebetween, and this vchamber hassuitable inlet and ex"- haust ports 27 and 28, whereby the exhaust gas from., the engine or war'x'n water from the engine'cooler may be circulated tovheat the air, as the latter is delivered through the section 19. The chamber 26 does not extend' entirely around the section, but linsteada portion is partitioned olf by walls 30 and 31, to forma passage 29, which communicates at its lower end with the inlet to the section 19, and at its upper end communi cates through a port 32 with the vcenter,`

chamber 33, which is h emi-snherical in .form and bounded by the wall 25. Extending diametrica'lly across the chamber 33, is "a conduit 34, one end of which extends to the exterior of the sect-ion. Axially of the carbureter, a nozzle 35 is side of the conduit 34 therefrom liquid fuel is delivered through the conduit 34 and .up throu h the nozzle 35 from any and extends upwardly is under pressure and is delivered pressure tank through a conduit 36 to a valve casing 37, which is. screwed into the outer end of theconduit 34. ,Within this valve casing, I provide a needle valve 38, and connected to the valve there is preferably means for retarding or preventing the free or accidental turningV of the valve. Disposed within the carburter section 20, is an'air nozzle 39, concentric with the fuel nozzle 35 and spaced therefrom to leave an annular passage forthe air. The air nozzle 39 is preferably supported by an annular il 40, which rests upon the u(pper end of e lower section 19 and is bolte 1n place between the sections 19 and 20. Closely fitting within the section 20, are two sleeves 41 and 42 in alinement with each other and -spaced from the nozzle 39. The upper section has a perforated partition plate 43 at its upper end and adjacent the upper end of the section 20, and this perforated plate has a central tube or ide 44 for receiving and laterally supportln the valve stem 45 of a needle valve 46, w ich sets within the upper end of the fuel nozzle 45. The valve em carri a disk or late 47, of substantially the same size as t e air nozzle 39, but

normally spaced above the upper nd of' the latter. v Thesleeve 42 has `an inwardlydirectedl annular tlange'48 the inner edge v lly adjacent and lowtheperiphe -of the late-47, so as to'. constitute a'- va ve seat or the latter. The flange 48 has a' de ndiug-llange 49 at its inner edge, which te co 'with the air. nozzle 39. The sleeve 42 is tation but is free tomove lon 'tudnally a limited distance The contro lingymeans readily be graspe screwed into the upper' into the center section 20. The

referably, the` li uid fuelv m theld against roonpas illustrated is a stud or pin 50 carried by the sleeve 42 intermediate its ends and extending out through a longitudinally-disposed slot 51 in the wall of the section 20.

The sleeve 41 is, free to rotate a limited distance but isheld vagainst longitudinal movement'.r yThe means for controlling the movements of this sleeve is illustrated as a pin 52rigid'with the sleeve 41 and extendlngoutward radially therefrom through a slot 53, which is disposed circumferentially of-the section 20. The pin orstud 52 may d to rotate the sleeve 41,l or it-may be provlded with a threaded knob 54,

vwhi'ch'serves yas a' handle and which when tightened against the wall of the section 20, revents accidental rotation of the sleeve. he abuttin Vends of the sleeves 41,and 42 are provid with a series of'cams 55, so

that when the parts are in the position indi lcated in Fig. 1,'the sleeve 42 is in its upper limiting posltion and is held in such position byr a Coil spring56, disposed vbeneath the flange 48 and between the sleeve 42 and the air rnozzle 39. `At this time` the seat on the `Harige" 48 is spaced a short distance from the plate 4i ',`so that there will be a limited an plate 47 and the' seat. By rotating the sleeve 41, the sleeve 42 may be forced downwardly againsttheQactio'n of the spring 56 and the seatV may be carried to a greater distance away from the disk 47, so to increase the cross sectionalarea of the passage.

The u per section 21 serves merely to carry a t rottle valve for manually controlling the flow of fluid to the engine cylinder. In the specific form illustrated,` the section is provided with a substantially cylindrical valve casing 57, and Within this casingfis a cylindrical valve plug 58, preferably formed of sheet metal and rotatable about a horizontal axis. Through the sheet metal valve plug, there extends a tube or passage 59, which may be' brought into or out'of alinement with the vertical passage through the section. Any suitable means may be provided for rotating this valve, but, as shown, the valve is provided with an end plate 60, having a stem 61 extending out through a plate 62 constituting the end of the valve casing, vand to the end of the stem a suitable crank 63 is' connected.

In the normal operation of the engine, air -is taken into the crank case past the valve 12 and is compressed therein and delivered Y through-the conduit 14 and through the carbureter. Within the carbureter the air travels through the passage 29 and port 32, and thence upwardly through the air nozzle 29 and lifts. the valve plate 47;, so as to pei,- mit the fuel nozzlel toggspray the'ifuel ,lip-

nular passage' between the periphery of the wardly. The greater the speed of the engine,

the greater will f beetllegpsel'lat whichv the air iscaused totnal throng-hfthe'air nozzle rea 39, and the higher will be lifted the valve plate 47, so that the supply of fuel may be increased with an increase in the speed of Vthe engine. `If the engine be run at a very low speed, the valve )late 47 will only' open the spray nozzle to t 1e limited extent. The extent to which the plate 47 is lifted and the ,valve 46'opened,"w1ll depend 'upon 'the 'ex- "tent olfA the annular air passage around the pertilphery of the plate. This distance may place entirely ir'idependentlyl of the throttle valve; and the latter will serve merely its usual function of controlling the supply of `Vthe charge to the engine.-

In my improved construction I not only avoid the'introduction of any 'fuel charge in `the crank case ofthe engine, but 1 also provide a safety outlet-whereby vgas may escapein case of a back lire, or in case of an ignition. of the chargewithin the conduit 16.

This safety outlet I preferably provide on the lower section .19, -as shown inV Fig. 1.A

The section T9- has cast? integral therewith an y outward] -extending hollow branch 64, and

l valve seat 67. A. valve late -68 rests ,upon` therewith bya suitable coil spring 69. j perforated cap 7() is also secured t'o the colthe cham er 65 within this branch connnuni cateswitli'th'e `passage 29opposite the port '32l e Screwed' into an opening in the top wall of this chamber '65, is acollar 66 having a this seatand ispresse into engagement anGG, so as to 'protect-*the valve and to conf "stitute a guide for the valve stem. The

spring 69 is suiciently'strongto prevent the` valve from -liftin under t-he pressure oi' the compressed air elivered from the crank case, but in case vof aback fire,- the valve 68 may rise and the gas will escape through the' the sleeve '42 is free to move downwardly and open'the passage in 'case of back fire. t

will thus-be seen that the passage is automatically controlled and injury to the carbureter 4or tothe engine in caseof back fire is safeguarded against. l

Various changes may be made in the details of construction and the arrangelnent of parts without departing from the spiritof my invention. `Vario11s attachments `may be applied thereto and various featuresof minor' importancemay be added or removed.

vters Patent:

lybe controlled by 'rotating the upper.`

sleeve 41, and thus raising or lowering thelower sleeve 42. This regulation may takel Vwithin said section and havin a needle valve controlling sai spray nozzle For instance, the heating chamber26 may be provided with a valve-controlled outlet 7l, for draining any water of condensation lwhich may-collect in the :heating chamber.

A Asimilar valve-controlled draw-oit may be' provided for the inner chamber 33.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letl. A carbureter havinv a passage there through and a valve an valve` Seat within said passage, said valve being movable in one direction by the delivery of gas to the engine and said valve seatf'being movable away from said valve upon the passageof gas in case of back tire. l

2. A carbureter havingar gas nozzle, a spray nozzle extending longitudinally there# of, a needle valve controlling said spray nozzle, al valve stem forse-id needle valve and extending lengthwise of said passage,l a..

valve plate carried vby said valve stem-and substantially closing saidfpassage, and a valve seat adjacent said rst-mentioned valve and movable in respect thereto upon' the return flow of gas through the carbureter. Y

3.' A carbureter having a gas nozzle, a

of, a needle valve controlling said spraynozzle, a valve stem for said needleV valve and extending lengthwise of said passage, a

spray nozzle extending longitudinally therevalve plate carried by said valve stem adjacent said first-mentioned valveand `movable in respect thereto' upon the return flow of gas through the carbureter, and a valve-controlled emergency gas outletffrom said carbureter.

4. A carbureter having a'substantially cyrl lindrical casing section, a spray nozzle ex'f' tending longitudinally thereof.;` a sleeve a valve. seat,

and having a valve stem extendm lengthwise of the passage, a disk carrie by said valve stem and disposed'adjacent said seat, a spring for moving ,said sleeve longitudinally to bring the `valve seat toward the valve, and manually-controlled means 'for moving said sleeve against the action of the spring.A f

5. A carbureterv having a' cylindrical casing section, a sleeve lon itudinally movable therein and having a va ve seat, an air noz,- zle Within the casing section and extending sai nozzle and said sleeve and tending to longitudinally thereof, a spring intermediate move said sleeve in one direction., and avalve sup orted adjacent said seatbut independent t ereof.

6. A carburete'r having a. substantially cylindrical casing section, two sleeves mounted therein and in alinement with eachother, ,I

one of said sleeves being rotatable and the other of said sleeves being longitudinally 'movable,'means for moving one ofv said sleeves longitudinally upon the'rotation of tlce other and a spring tending to prevent said longitudinal movement..

7. A carbureter having a substantially eylindrical casing section, two sleeves mounted therein and in alinement with each other, one of said sleeves being, rotatable and the other of said sleeves being longitudinally movable, means for moving 011e of said sleeves longitudinally upon the rotation of the other, longitudinal movement, and a valve substantially closing the passage through said longitudinally movable sleeve.

8,. A carbureter having a substantially cylindrical casing section, a member within said easing and presenting a valve seat, said memberbeing free to move lengthwise of said casing, and a rotatable member Acarried by said easing and having cam engagement with said valve seat for moving the latter lengthwise of the casing.

9. A carbureter having a substantially cylindrical casing said casing and presenting a valve' seat, Said member being free to move lengthwise of said casing, a rotatable member carried by said casing and having cam engagement with said valve seat'for -moving the latter lengthwise of the easing, and a valve for coperating with said valve seat, said valve havmg limits of movement independent of the pds'iti'on of the valve seat. y

10: A earbureter having a substantially cylindrical casing,

comprising a nozzle and delivering lengthwise of the casing and the other -of said members presenting a valve seat, a valve movable toward and from the 'first-mentioned member, and means for adjusting the Ia spring -tendlng to prevent said.

section, a member Within two telescopin members Within said lcasing, one of sa1` membersv respect to the first-mentionedmember.

l1. Aearbureter having a casing, an air delivery nozzle delivering vlengthwise thereof, a fuel delivery nozzle withinsaid air nozzle, a valve stem having separate valves for controlling said nozzles, and means constituting a valve seat for the air valve and movable toward and lfrom said air nozzle,

delivery nozzle deliveringlengthwlse thereof, a -fuel delivery nozzle within said. air nozzle, a valve stem having separate valves for controlling said nozzles, and means constituting a va ve seat for the air valve and automatically movable away from said valve in case of back fire.-

13. A carbureter having a passage therethrough, and a valve and a valve seat within said passage, s'aid valve being movable in one direction by thedelivery of gas to the .engine and said valve seat being manually ladjustable. relatively to the valve and automatically movable away fromthe valve upon the passage of gas in case of back fire.

. 14. A carbureter having a passage therethrough, and two members coperating to substantially close said passage, one of said members being 'automatically movable to the other of :said members being manually adjustable relatively to the .member and bein aaitomatiealljr movable in 'the reverse direc 4case'of back fire.

position of the second-mentioned member in open the passagev by the inflowing gas, and

first-mentioned y In testimony whereof I have sigfned myl name to this specification in thel presence of two subscribing witnesses;

12. A carbureter having a casing, an air oa to open the passage 

